Regenerative oven.



W. MUELLBR.

REGENERATIVE OVEN. APPLICATION FILED MAR. s. 191e.

` LO89,663 Panenteamar. 1o, 1914 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

W. MUELLER.

EEGENERATIVE OVEN. APPLIOATIQN FILED MAR. 8. 1913.

jlagg, Patented Mar. 10, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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H (wum W. MUELLER.

REGENERATIVE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 8. 1913.

1,089,663, y Patentea Mar. 1o, 1914 3 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

I To alt whom, z't may concern `WII1HELM MUELLER, 0F E-SSEN-ON-THE-RUHR, GERItIANY.

REG-EN'ERATIVE OVEN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

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Patented Mar. 10, 1914.

i Application filed March 1913. serial No. 752,923.

Be it known that LIWILHELM MUELLER, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, resid- `ing at 17 Gutenbergstrasse, lEssen-on-the-- Ruhr, Germany, have invented new and useful mprovements in Regenerative Ovens, of which the following is a specification..

My present invention relates to improvements in the heating of coke ovens or gaschamber ovens or retorts and is adapted to usea heating gas of inferior value, such as auxiliary to the first mentioned gases, where bythe wholey amount or practically the whole amount ot coal-gas is available for illuminating or other purposes as desired.

'lin order to attain an economical heating ot' the coking chamber when producer-gas or blast furnace-gas is used, it is essential that these gases which are of low heating power be preliminarily heated up to as high a teinperature as possible, that is to say, to approximateliT the same degree as the hot conibustion air, which usually reaches 1000 degrees centigrade in the regenerators. For accomplishing this preliminary heating, separate regenerators for air as; well as gas are arranged underneath each oven chamber or chalnber wall, whichv regenerators.

have suitable connecting passages'tothe air and gas distribution channels and to the combustion lues ot' the chamberwalls.

IThe precise nature of the invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section otl one form of my invention taken through the combustion chamber of the oven on the line A-A of Fig. '2; Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section through several ovens of a battery: Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section taken through the oven chamber on the line B*B of Fig. 2; Fig. #l is a longitudinalsection through a coke'oven showing a modified arrangement ot' regenerators, the left-hand half being taken through the combustion chamber on the line C-C of Fig. 5, whereas the rghtshand half is taken through the coking chamber or retort on the line D-D of Fig. 5; Fig. 5 is a vertical transverse section through several ovens on the lines E-E and F-F of Fig. el..

Similar reference 'characters indicate corresponding vparts in allgures.

j'R ferring to the drawings, the coking chambers or retorts 1 are provided withl connected at their upper ends in pairs orY groups. The lower end of each heating iue 3 is provided With gas and air nozzles or burners 3a and 3b which are respectively connected by suitable passages or ports tothe gas and air distribution channels 4 and 6. The latter channels are divided inthe center and are provided at their ends with regulating dampers. Underneath the distribution channels 4 and6 oneor two gas and air transfer and equalizing channels 5 and 7 are arranged. These equalizing channels run the entire length underneath the oven chamber or wall and communicate by regulata'ble passages with the distribution channels as well as by passages 8, 8b and 9"L with the regenerators 8 and 9 below. The regeneratorsS and 9 arel filled with checker brick work which is divided by partition walls 10 in order that the passage of the waste gases may be lengthened whereby a better recovery of the heat from the waste gases is attained.- YThe remaining waste heat after leaving both regenerators 8 and 9 at about 150 degrees centigrade passes through the regulatable passages 11. 11a or 16, 16

`and escapes into the smoke'liues 1Q, which are connected at the end'of the battery to the chimney and atmosphere.

Each of the heating fines 3 can be inspected from above through the passages 19. 'l" he channel 18 above the heating fines 3 is connected by ports 18 to the charging holes inorder to `provide means for setting the ovens into operation by conveying the crude gas from the coking chamber 1 directly into the. heatingfiues 3. The crude gas otltake 20 is connected in the usual manner to the hydraulic gas-main and the lay-product re covery plant. p, i'

The fuel gas is supplied to the ovens along At the side of Y the battery bylmeafns of pipes 15 which Ahave ilo 50 enters. through the passages 3b into the heatheated .producer gas ply coal gas from the pipe '15 through the upper branches 17 'immediately into the same `gas distribution channels 4 to the burner-l nozzles of the heating flues. In case a mixture of lproducer gas and coal gas shall'be used foroven heating, the producer gas or blast furnace gas may be passed through the vgas regenerators, while the coal gas is `supplied from a pipe 15a through the upper pipes 17 directly into the distribution channels 4 where it mixes with the preliminary and enters the vertical ues 3 where it meets with the `hot air for combustion. p 'l The present invention comprises also the improvement over known types of ovens by .the fact that under each'ovenchamber separatev gas and -air` regenerators areiprovided orpreliminary heating of. gas and of air,

and that .these regenerators can bedivided by a vertical lcenter partition wall .10a as shownin Fig. 4 andindic'atedin Figsfl and 3, so that veach [half of -the oven chamber has its own gas o r air-regenerator each onel of which being yin connection by the 'transfer-channels, enables gas' or air 'to be supplied as desired to' -each. half as well as to the whole length of the heating walls.'A

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- The Voperation' of my improved ovenis as Vfollows:V I f or example producer gas is used for' heating, the gas is vv conducted through ,the pipes 15 and enters' the re- `gvherators 8 through ,the branch pipes. 16.A

ile .passing through the regenerators, the gas'is highly heated to, sayv about 1000 de. escapes throughv the regulatable passage 8a. into the lequalizing or `transfer channels 5, vwhich 4lead the hot gasto the distributing. channels 4 from whence it passes by means of the passages or nozzle-burners 3" into the heating iues 3 ofv the chamber walls. The passage oi the air is accomplished in a manner similar to that of the gas. Fresh air enters the regenerator 9,'from the flue 12 and a side valve 16", and while passing thefregenerator the air is alsoheated up to about j 1000 centigrade. The hot air ist-hen c on.- l `ducted through the equalizingor transfer channels 7 to the channels 6 romwhich it 'ing flues 3. Each of said regenerators 8 and 9 supplies the heating iiues of two adjacent heatin walls with gas and air. vThe gas and air, bein both. highly heated, ignite while mixing, urn as they flow upward and escape into the .next lines in which they pass downward. Flrom the heating lues 3 the waste gases escape through the passages 3L and blinto the channels 4, 6 and5, 7. of the neighboring chambers and pass then through the gas regenerators 8 as well as the air regenerators 9," leaving their heatV to ythe checker brick work. The waste heat or oilgases inally escape through the elbows 16,

.a part of same may be purposes such as steam .ports 9 into which the vhtnaaeir enters the distribution` channels 6 ofeither half of the oven wall.

ducts 11 or through V.which latter is -veryliable to decompose. and

laand ports 11 or llt into the smoke flue 12, which leads to the chimney. The regenerators beneath alternative ovens either carry the waste heat or oit-gases, or preheat gas and air. On reversal of the flow of com bustion the regenerators which carried the oil-gases are used'for preheating and supplying gas andair to the heating ues, while the other regenerators now carry the off gases. f As the VJf'uel gas is preliminarily heated in regenerators as Well as the air, a higher efficiency of combustion is attained, and as the whole Vamount of waste gases is not required for reheating the regenerators, taken off before it enters the regenerators, to be used for other generating, etc. For this object, special passagesl and collecting channels 14 are provided through which the surplus waste gases can be drawn oil' and disposed as desired. However thisarrangement may be omitted, asis the case in Fig. 4, when. desired. In the modified construction of oven shown in Figs. 4 and 5 the two regenerators 8 and 9l beneath each oven are undivided structures serving as a. whole for preheating gas for air. The, mode' of operation is" as follows: Gras may be supplied through regenerators 8 of the left hand side only, rom whichit passes through the regulatable into the transfer channels 5 leading the gas to. the-'distributionv channels 4 of either halfA of the oven wall. lAir is supplied to regenerators 9 of the right hand side only, fromjwhich it passes through thetransfer channel 7 from If desired, the left o r right hand regenerator may' be used for preheating gas or air, in which event only the respective ports'to the trans-fer channelsv have to be changed. In case the ovenuchambers or retorts shall be heated temporarily with coal gas only,`

does not allow arprelimnary heating, the gas is conducted from the. pipe 15 vor pipe 15through the upper pipes 1 immediately into the distribution vvchannels 4. In this event the valve in pipe 16 is closed and the gas regenerators 'are disconnected from the channels 5 and connected to the air regenerators 9 orthe heating vof the air supply. The air isheated in the same manner as before `described and. the combustion in "the 'heating iues`3 remains also the same,

inattesa stant uniform distribution of the heat and shortest carbonization of the coal charge is attained.

The invention consists also in the improved arrangement that each half ofthe oven has its own gas and air regenerator, which being connected by the transfer channels, enable the gas or air to be supplied to either half as well as to the, whole length of the heating wall in order to attain 'a com- ]mlsory heating withouti which the working of the oven is dependent mostly upon chance.

llhe new construction of oven constitutes the further improvement over known devices, that the oven can be heated in an eco-v nomical way, either with producer gas, or if desired with coal gas, or a mixture of both gases, which can be performed without alteration of the construction by simply changing a few valves or connecting dampers.

l claim:

1. A, regenerative coke oven or a gas retort furnace 'which is heated with producer gas or coall gas, comprising coking chambers, heating flues connected in groups between the coking chambers, an interconnectible gas regenerator and an air regenerator arranged beneathl each coking chamber, gas and air transfer. channels beneath the entire length of the oven, regulatable passages connecting said gas and air transfer channels with said regenerators and with said heating fines, means for supplying gas and air to said regenerators and said heating fines, means for drawing off the waste combustion gases from said heating' flues thro-ugh said transfer channels and said regenerators, means for changing the gas sup,- ply and admission of air alternately to alternate regenerators and heating fines, and means for changing the waste heat discharge passages in accordance with the reversal of the regenerators.

Q. A regenerative coke oven or a gas retort furnace which is heated with producer gas or coal gas, comprisingr coking chambers, heating lues between said chambers,

gas and air regenerators beneath each coking chamber, gas and` air transfer channels connected with said regenerators and regulatabl'e superimposed interconnected gas and air distribution channels for the entire length of each half of the' oven connected to said transfer channels and connected by gas ducts and airducts with the said heating fines of theoven wall.

3. A regenerative coke oven as set forth, comprising coking chambers, heatingu'es between said chambers, interconnectible gas and air regenerators for each coking chamber, means to supply producer gas and air through said regenerators and through the gas and air transfer channels into the distribution channels, means for supplying auxiliary cold coal gas directly into said gas distribution channels to be mixedwith the hot producer gas and passing said mixture of gases through the gas ducts and the hot air through the air ductsv into the heating fines for combustion, means for drawing 0H the waste combustion gases from the heating fines through the distribution channels, transfer channels and regenerators, means for closing and changing said producer gas and said coal gas supply to alternate regenerators and to alternate distribution lues and. to said heating dues, and means for changing the air supply intakes and the waste heat discharge passages, all in accordance with the reversal of the combustion gases, substantially as described.

4. A regenerative coke oven having interconnectible and interchangeable regenera- Vtors for each oven, means for disconnecting the gas regenerator from the gas supply pipe and from the' gas distribution channels and connecting said gas regenerator to the transfer and distribution channels of the adjacent regenerator to be adapted for air heating only, substantially as described.

A regenerative coke oven comprising coking chambers, heating dues4 between said chambers, two sets of superposed regulatable gas and air distribution channelsl each connected to an alternate set of said heating fines, transfer channels connecting said distribution channels to the regenerators and two interconnectible and interchangeable regenerators beneath each coking chamber, substantially as described. Y

lin testimony whereof I have signed my K name to this specification in tliepresence of two subscribingwitnesses. p

wrLnELM Mnnimnn. ni. a]

Witnesses:

HELEN NUFER, ALBEnT NUFER. 

